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HOW GMA CHEATED AND STOLE THE 2004 ELECTIONS By Jose del Pilar and Alpha Company Part 2 of 4 Parts
PART 2. The Fabrication of Election Results BEFORE the Elections
Introduction: In PART 1, we re-visited the GMA conversations on the “Hello Garci” tapes to show you how they directly affected the 2004 Presidential elections. In this PART 2, we will expose the methods used by the GMA operators before the elections to fabricate the election results particularly in the provinces of Pampanga, Cebu, Iloilo and Bohol. It will also include the evidences supported by documents made available by reliable individuals who refused to remain silent.
1.0 FIRST, THE ELECTORAL PROCESS
To fully understand and appreciate the fraudulent methods employed by the GMA operators, we will take you on a brief journey that your vote followed (Fig. 1). It is while on its way from the precinct to the final canvassing in Congress that all sorts of magic occurred.
Fig. 1. The Canvassing Process
AT THE PRECINCT
There is your ballot. You have voted.
At the end of the balloting, the completed ballots are batched by one hundred each. Then, the Chairman of the Board of Election Inspectors (BEI) gets each ballot, and reads aloud the names of the candidates, one by one. The Third Member of the BEI then makes a tally (or tara) beside the name of the corresponding candidate on the Tally Board. The Poll Clerk of the BEI makes a similar tally on the Election Returns or ERs.
For the National Positions (i.e., President, Vice-President, Senators and Party List Representatives), an ER form has seven copies:
§ 1st - City/Municipal Board of Canvassers § 2nd - Congress § 3rd - Comelec § 4th - Majority Party § 5th - Minority Party § 6th - Namfrel § 7th - Precinct ballot box
The ER, accomplished by the teachers who are members of the BEI a polling precinct, is the first step in consolidating the ballot count. In the absence of any manipulation, it should reflect the true number of votes in the precinct.
For the canvassing of votes for National Positions, the 1st ER copy goes to the City/Municipal Board of Canvassing for the first step in the canvassing.
The 2nd ER copy is sent directly to Congress through the Senate, to be used in case there are queries raised in the final count or canvassed votes for President and Vice President.
Let us follow the 1st ER copies for the Presidential and Vice Presidential race.
AT THE CITY/MUNICIPALITY
From the precincts, the ERs are sent to the City or Municipal Hall. Votes are summarized by the City/Municipal Board of Canvassers. The Board will record the voter data (i.e., the number of registered voters and those who actually voted) and ballot data (i.e., used and unused) from each ER on the Statement of Votes (SOV) by Precinct. This SOV now states the votes of each candidate for national positions in each precinct in the Municipality. The Board then adds each precinct’s vote totals and puts the sums in the last column of the SOV. This last column then contains the total votes of the candidates for the whole municipality. At the end of the summation, the SOV is certified by the City/Municipal Board of Canvassers and witnessed by accredited party watchers.
Then, the Board of Canvassers records the totals of the voter data and the votes cast for the candidates (in the last column) from the SOV by Precinct to the City/Municipal Certificate of Canvas (COC). The City/Municipal COC will now show the total votes of each candidate for the whole city or municipality. After the recording, the City/Municipal COC is certified by the Board of Canvassers and witnessed by the accredited party watchers.
The SOV by Precinct and the City/Municipal COC are sent to the Provincial Capitol for canvassing by the Provincial Board of Canvassers.
AT THE PROVINCE
The Provincial Board of Canvassers records the totals of the voter data and the votes cast of each candidate in each city and municipality of the Province in the SOV by City/Municipality. The Board then adds each municipality’s vote totals and puts the sums in the last column of the SOV. This last column then contains the total votes of the candidates for the whole province. After the summation, the SOV by City/Municipality is certified by the Board of Canvassers and witnessed by the accredited party watchers.
The Provincial Board of Canvassers then records the totals of the voter data and the votes cast for the candidates (in the last column) from the SOV by City/Municipality to the Provincial COC. The Provincial COC now contains the total votes of each candidate for the whole province. After the recording, the Provincial COC is certified by the Board of Canvassers and witnessed by the accredited party watchers.
The SOV by City/Municipality and Provincial COC (containing the votes for President and Vice President) are sent to Congress through the Senate for the canvassing of the positions of President and Vice President by the National Board of Canvassers. (By this time, the National Board of Canvassers would have all the 2nd ER copies nationwide.)
IN CONGRESS
The National Board of Canvassers checks and reads the Provincial and City COCs. They tabulate and canvass the votes of the President and Vice President. After the canvass, the winners are proclaimed by the National Board of Canvassers.
In this electoral process, the GMA operators used two different “dagdag-bawas” methods (Fig. 2):
1. The GARCI Operations (discussed in PART 1)
The GMA operators left the ERs and SOVs alone and just tampered with the figures in the COCs. Since the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao was Poe’s stronghold, the easiest way to pad Arroyo’s votes there was to just switch her totals with Poe’s in the COCs. The discrepancies in the election result documents (between the ERs at the precinct level, the SOVs and COCs at the municipal and provincial levels) were obvious
2. The PCIB Operations (discussed below)
The GMA operators fabricated the figures in the ERs (from ER forms provided by the Comelec) with pre-determined number of votes and were switched with the genuine ERs before the local canvassing. Therefore, the ER totals in the SOVs and COCs were consistent. The "dagdag-bawas" was hidden and difficult to determine.
Fig. 2. The Two “Dagdag-Bawas” Operations
2.0 HOW WAS THE PCIB OPERATIONS DONE
2.1 STEP 1: THE NUMBER OF REGISTERED VOTERS WAS PADDED TO HIDE WHOLESALE ADDITION OF VOTES THAT WILL RESULT IN STATISTICALLY IMPROBABLE VOTERS TURNOUT.
For the 2004 elections, Comelec increased the number of expected registered voters from 38.8M to 43.5M. Fig. 3 shows the increase/decrease of registered voters in the election years starting 1992.
For the 2004 elections, Comelec in July 2002 forecasted the expected registered voters at 38.8 million, an increase of 2.1 million over 2001.
[Note that FPJ declared his candidacy November 27, 2003.]
This forecast remained until the Comelec’s Project of Precincts in March 2004, showed that the expected registered voters is now 43.5 million, an increase of 6.9 million.
Therefore, 4.8 million of registered voters were provided as GMA’s VOTE BANK, the leeway for adding GMA votes without resulting in statistically improbable voter turnout (discussed in Sec. 2.3 below).
This voter addition will facilitate and conceal vote padding.
Fig. 3. Nationwide Increase in Registered Voters
Figures 4 to 6 show the increase/decrease in registered voters by regions.
Fig. 4. Increase in Registered Voters in Luzon
Fig. 5. Increase in Registered Voters in Visayas
Fig. 6. Increase in Registered Voters in Mindanao
2.1.1 HOW DID THIS WORK FOR GMA?
In Pampanga, Cebu, Iloilo and Bohol (or the PCIB area), there was an increase of 951,695 registered voters. You will see that this is roughly the same number of votes that were added to GMA.
On the basis of these surveys, four provinces were selected: Pampanga, Cebu, Iloilo and Bohol (the PCIB area) where the fabrication will be applied.
The work done by the GMA operators in these areas illustrate the extent of padding of the voters lists. These provinces were selected to be the places where the fabrication of ERs will be applied. Surveys showed GMA had strong popularity ratings in these provinces:
§ The Pulse Asia survey in November 2003 showed that GMA received 39% support in the Visayas, and 15%, her lowest, in Metro Manila.
§ The SWS survey from September 2003 to March 2004 showed that GMA received +44% satisfactory rating in the Visayas, and 11%, her lowest, in Metro Manila.
The idea is to condition the public to concede these provinces to Mrs. Arroyo even if a GMA landslide happens in this area.
The GMA PCIB Vote Banks therefore are:
§ Pampanga, from 944,092 to 1.08 million or 136,659 (Fig. 7)
Fig. 7. GMA Vote Bank in Pampanga
§ Cebu Province, from 1.29 million to 1.78 million or 481,096 (Fig.8)
Fig. 8. GMA Vote Bank in Cebu Province
§ Cebu City, from 377,637 to 464,802 or 87,165 (Fig. 9)
Fig. 9. GMA Vote Bank in Cebu City
§ Iloilo Province, from 787,580 to 923,262 or 135,682 (Fig. 10)
Fig. 10. GMA Vote Bank in Iloilo Province
§ Iloilo City, from 191,620 to 240,153 or 48,533 (Fig. 11)
Fig. 11. GMA Vote Bank in Iloilo City
§ Bohol, from 556,579 to 619,139 or 62,560 (Fig. 12).
Fig. 12. GMA Vote Bank in Bohol
So in these four provinces -- Pampanga,Cebu,Iloilo, and Bohol -- there was an increase of 951,695 registered voters (Fig. 13).
Fig. 13. GMA Vote Bank in the PCIB Area
With almost a million of voter-addition, this is more or less the same number of votes that were added to GMA.
2.1.2 WHY INCREASE THE NUMBER OF REGISTERED VOTERS?
Because padded voters lists lowers voters turnout rate. The historical average of voter turnout in past national elections is 76%.
For the PCIB area, here are the results:
§ Pampanga, from 85% to 74% (Fig. 14)
Fig. 14. Voters Turnout Rate in Pampanga
§ Cebu Province, from 93% to 68% (Fig. 15)
Fig. 15. Voters Turnout Rate in Cebu Province
§ Cebu City, from 87% to 70% (Fig. 16)
Fig. 16. Voters Turnout Rate in Cebu City
§ Iloilo Province, from 89% to 76% (Fig. 17)
Fig. 17. Voters Turnout Rate in Iloilo Province
§ Iloilo City, from 91% to 73% (Fig. 18)
Fig. 18. Voters Turnout Rate in Iloilo City
§ Bohol, from 89% to 80% (Fig. 19).
Fig. 19. Voters Turnout Rate in Bohol
2.1.3 WHAT WERE VIOLATED BY THIS ACTION?
RA 8189 “General Registration Act” Section 24. National Central File states:
“There shall be a national central file … under the custody of the Commission … consisting of all approved voter registration records in each city or municipality.”
Where is this National Central File that will show the numbers of registered voters in the provinces and in fact, prove that there are really 43.5 million registered voters nationwide?
RA 8189 “General Registration Act” Sec 31. Sealing of Precinct Book of Voters states:
“The Board shall notify within 15 days before the start of the campaign period all registered political parties and members of the Board of Election Inspectors to inspect and verify the completeness of the voters’ registration records for each precinct compiled in the book of voters.”
Why were these requirements not complied with?
2.2 STEP 2. EXTRA SETS OF ELECTION RESULT DOCUMENTS WERE OVERPRINTED.
Extra sets of ERs for precinct tallies, SOVs for precinct and municipal breakdowns, and COCs for municipal, city and provincial totals were overprinted to contain altered results and to substitute for the election forms with the genuine results.
Several months before elections, Commissioner Resureccion Borra admitted that the Comelec had over-printed election forms: 3 million ballots and 33,000 election returns.
Comelec Resolution 06-0060 dated 13 February 2004 resolved to approve the quantity of forms for 250,000 clustered precincts plus 10% contingency. Therefore, Comelec printed a total of 275,000 ERs (one set per clustered precinct). Comelec thus have extra 59,000 ERs because there were only 216,000 clustered precincts, not just 33,000.
Up to now, Comelec has not accounted for these 59,000 ERs.
2.3 STEP 3. VOTING RESULTS TO ENSURE GMA VICTORY WERE MANUFACTURED USING THE EXTRA ELECTION FORMS; AND SWITCHED WITH THE GENUINE FORMS.
2.3.1 THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS
2.3.1.1 The GMA operators pre-computed, in a separate operation, the desired vote totals per precinct and recorded these in a precinct tally master list. This list was used as a guide to tally the desired number of votes on the overprinted ERs.
They utilized a computer company to compute from the list of precincts with the corresponding (already increased, as shown in Sec. 2.1 above) registered voters the:
· Desired turn-out of voters using as minimum basis, the turnout in previous national elections which averages 76%.
· Allocation of about 80% of the turnout to GMA, 10% to FPJ and 10% distributed to Lacson, Roco and Villanueva. The actual allocation is discussed in Sec. 2.3.4 below.
2.3.1.2 The computed number of votes for each candidate was tallied with the corresponding “taras” in the ERs. After tallying, these false ERs were “certified” by master forgers or “golden arms.”
Their guide is the master list of Board of Election Inspectors per precinct provided by the Department of Education to the Comelec. This master list of election inspectors contains their names, precinct assignments and specimen signatures.
2.3.1.3 These fabricated ERs, reflecting landslides for GMA, were sent to election officers and local operatives who had been previously instructed to switch the real precinct results with these false returns.
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In Summary: We have told you how the preparatory work to facilitate the 2004 electoral fraud was done and the manufacturing process of election returns before the elections, particularly for the PCIB area. In PART 3, we will report on the specific items of fabrication and other complementing fraudulent action.
For comments: Please email josedelpilar@sundalo.com
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Part 1: “Hello Garci” Conversations and the Vote Tampering in Mindanao
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Home | From the Soldiers | The Struggle for Change | Withdrawal of Support | The Armed Forces | The Nation | Issues and Concerns -------------------------------------------------- From the People | Soldiers of the People | About Us | Links --------------------------------------------------
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